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Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1073-1096 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0758-0

Abstract: Microbial geotechnology or biogeotechnology is a new branch of geotechnical engineering. It involves the use of microbiology for traditional geotechnical applications. Many new innovative soil improvement methods have been developed in recent years based on this approach. A proper understanding of the various approaches and the performances of different methods can help researchers and engineers to develop the most appropriate geotechnical solutions. At present, most of the methods can be categorized into three major types, biocementation, bioclogging, and biogas desaturation. Similarities and differences of different approaches and their potential applications are reviewed. Factors affecting the different processes are also discussed. Examples of up-scaled model tests and pilot trials are presented to show the emerging applications. The challenges and problems of biogeotechnology are also discussed.

Keywords： biogeotechnology     biocementation     bioclogging     biogas     strength enhancement     liquefaction mitigation    

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Turbidity-adaptive underwater image enhancement method using image fusion

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0669-8

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a turbidity-adaptive underwater image enhancement method.Based on the detection result, different image enhancement strategies are designed to deal with the problem

Keywords： turbidity     underwater image enhancement     image fusion     underwater robots     visibility    

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Automatic image enhancement by learning adaptive patch selection None

Na LI, Jian ZHAN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 2,   Pages 206-221 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700125

Abstract: However, some photos lack detail and need enhancement.Many existing image enhancement algorithms are patch based and the patch size is always fixed throughoutUsers must tune the patch size to obtain the appropriate enhancement.In this study, we propose an automatic image enhancement method based on adaptive patch selection usingresults demonstrate that our method can provide a significant improvement in existing patch-based image enhancement

Keywords： Image enhancement     Contrast enhancement     Dark channel     Bright channel     Adaptive patch based processing    

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Performance enhancement of partially shaded solar PV array using novel shade dispersion technique

Namani RAKESH,T. Venkata MADHAVARAM

Frontiers in Energy 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 227-239 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0405-y

Abstract: Solar photo voltaic array (SPVA) generates a smaller amount of power than the standard rating of the panel due to the partial shading effect. Since the modules of the arrays receive different solar irradiations, the P-V characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) arrays contain multiple peaks or local peaks. This paper presents an innovative method (magic square) in order to increase the generated power by configuring the modules of a shaded photovoltaic array. In this approach, the physical location of the modules in the total cross tied (TCT) connected in the solar PV array is rearranged based on the magic square arrangement pattern. This connection is done without altering any electrical configurations of the modules in the PV array. This method can distribute the shading effect over the entire PV array, without concentrating on any row of modules and can achieve global peaks. For different types of shading patterns, the output power of the solar PV array with the proposed magic square configuration is compared with the traditional configurations and the performance is calculated. This paper presents a new reconfiguration technique for solar PV arrays, which increases the PV power under different shading conditions. The proposed technique facilitates the distribution of the effect of shading over the entire array, thereby, reducing the mismatch losses caused by partial shading. The theoretical calculations are tested through simulations in Matlab/Simulink to validate the results. A comparison of power loss for different types of topologies under different types of shading patterns for a 4 × 4 array is also explained.

Keywords： photovoltaic cells     mismatch loss     shading patterns     partial shading     magic square     power enhancement     global    

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Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free

Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 20-42 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0139-9

Abstract: Water is perhaps the most widely adopted working fluid in conventional industrial heat transport engineering. However, it may no longer be the best option today due to the increasing scarcity of water resources. Furthermore, the wide variations in water supply throughout the year and across different geographic regions also makes it harder to easily access. To address this issue, finding new alternatives to replace water-based technologies is imperative. In this paper, the concept of a water-free heat exchanger is proposed and comprehensively analyzed for the first time. The liquid metal with a low melting point is identified as an ideal fluid that can flexibly be used within a wide range of working temperatures. Some liquid metals and their alloys, which have previously received little attention in thermal management areas, are evaluated. With superior thermal conductivity, electromagnetic field drivability, and extremely low power consumption, liquid metal coolants promise many opportunities for revolutionizing modern heat transport processes: serving as heat transport fluid in industries, administrating thermal management in power and energy systems, and innovating enhanced cooling in electronic or optical devices. Furthermore, comparative analyses are conducted to understand the technical barriers encountered by advanced water-based heat transfer strategies and clarify this new frontier in heat-transport study. In addition, the unique merits of liquid metals that could lead to innovative heat exchanger technologies are evaluated comprehensively. A few promising industrial situations, such as heat recovery, chip cooling, thermoelectricity generation, and military applications, where liquid metals could play irreplaceable roles, were outlined. The technical challenges and scientific issues thus raised are summarized. With their evident ability to meet various critical requirements in modern advanced energy and power industries, liquid metal-enabled technologies are expected to usher a new and global era of water-free heat exchangers.

Keywords： heat exchanger     liquid metal     water resource     heat transport enhancement     coolant     thermal management     process    

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Numerical investigation and analysis of heat transfer enhancement in channel by longitudinal vortex based

TAO Wenquan, WU Junmei

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 71-78 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0001-x

Abstract: It is found that the inherent mechanism of the heat transfer enhancement by longitudinal vortex can be

Keywords： inherent mechanism     integral     surface     rectanglar     longitudinal    

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Effect of bond enhancement using carbon nanotubes on flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 131-143 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0787-8

Abstract: The studied parameters included concrete strength, flexural reinforcement ratio, and CFRP sheet configurationThe enhancement was more pronounced in the case of U-shape than in the case of use of sheet strip coversThe flexural enhancement of RC beams by strengthening with CNTs-modified CFRP decreased with increasingthe rebar diameter and was not affected by concrete strength.

Keywords： RC beams     flexural     strengthening     CFRP     CNTs     finite element    

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Numerical analysis on heat transfer enhancement by longitudinal vortex based on field synergy principle

WU Junmei, TAO Wenquan

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 365-369 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0055-1

Abstract: analyzed on the basis of the field synergy principle to explain the inherent mechanism of heat transfer enhancementIn addition, the computational evaluations indicate that the heat transfer enhancement of delta wingletThe heat transfer enhancement of the delta winglet pairs with an attack angle of 45º is larger than thatThe heat transfer enhancement under identical pumping power condition for the attack angle of 30º is

Keywords： computational     inherent mechanism     staggered     decrease     transfer surface    

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Wavelet-based iterative data enhancement for implementation in purification of modal frequency for extremely

Hassan YOUSEFI, Alireza TAGHAVI KANI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI, Soheil MOHAMMADI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 446-472 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0605-8

Abstract: The main purpose of the present study is to enhance high-level noisy data by a wavelet-based iterative filtering algorithm for identification of natural frequencies during ambient wind vibrational tests on a petrochemical process tower. Most of denoising methods fail to filter such noise properly. Both the signal-to-noise ratio and the peak signal-to-noise ratio are small. Multiresolution-based one-step and variational-based filtering methods fail to denoise properly with thresholds obtained by theoretical or empirical method. Due to the fact that it is impossible to completely denoise such high-level noisy data, the enhancing approach is used to improve the data quality, which is the main novelty from the application point of view here. For this iterative method, a simple computational approach is proposed to estimate the dynamic threshold values. Hence, different thresholds can be obtained for different recorded signals in one ambient test. This is in contrast to commonly used approaches recommending one global threshold estimated mainly by an empirical method. After the enhancements, modal frequencies are directly detected by the cross wavelet transform (XWT), the spectral power density and autocorrelation of wavelet coefficients. Estimated frequencies are then compared with those of an undamaged-model, simulated by the finite element method.

Keywords： ambient vibration test     high level noise     iterative signal enhancement     wavelet     cross and autocorrelation    

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Evaluating the material strength from fracture angle under uniaxial loading

Jitang FAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 288-293 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0480-8

Abstract: The most common experimental methods of measuring material strength are the uniaxial compressive andCompressive strength is higher than tensile strength for a material.In this work, a unified relation of material strength under uniaxial compression and tension is developedThis constitutive relation is quantitatively illustrated by a function for analyzing the material strengthIt is full of interest to give a scientific illustration for designing the high-strength materials and

Keywords： strength     fracture     mechanics    

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Preliminary iquiry into biodiesel production by process enhancement technology and equipment

Zhu Ruilin,Zhu Guolin

Strategic Study of CAE 2010, Volume 12, Issue 9,   Pages 46-51

Abstract: The author pointed out the way to solve the matter in production of biodiesel, presented a process enhancementtechnology and equipment, discussed the feasibility and advantage of the process enhancement technologyand equipment in production of biodiesel, and considered that the process enhancement technology and

Keywords： biodiesel     process enhancement     reactor    

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Use of gamma-irradiation pretreatment for enhancement of anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

YUAN Shoujun, ZHENG Zheng, YU Xin, ZHAO Yongfu, MU Yanyan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 247-250 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0041-9

Abstract: The effects of ?-irradiation pretreatment on anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge was investigated in this paper. Parameters like solid components, soluble components, and biogas production of anaerobic digestion experiment for sewage sludge were measured. The values of these parameters were compared before and after ?-irradiation pretreatment. Total solid (TS), volatile solid (VS), suspended solid (SS), volatile suspended solid (VSS), and average floc size of samples decreased after ?-irradiation treatment. Besides, floc size distribution of sewage sludge shifted from 80–100 ?m to 0–40 ?m after ?-irradiation treatment at the doses from 0 to 30 kGy, which indicated the disintegration of sewage sludge. Moreover, microbe cells of sewage sludge were ruptured by ?-irradiation treatment, which resulted in the release of cytoplasm and increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). Both sludge disintegration and microbe cells rupture enhanced the subsequent anaerobic digestion process, which was demonstrated by the increase of accumulated biogas production. Compared with digesters fed with none irradiated sludge, the accumulated biogas production increased 44, 98, and 178 mL for digesters fed sludge irradiated at 2.48, 6.51, and 11.24 kGy, respectively. The results indicated that ?-irradiation pretreatment could effectively enhance anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge, and correspondingly, could accelerate hydrolysis process, shorten sludge retention time of sludge anaerobic digestion process.

Keywords： anaerobic digestibility     soluble chemical     cytoplasm     digestion process     soluble    

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System resilience enhancement: Smart grid and beyond

Gang HUANG, Jianhui WANG, Chen CHEN, Chuangxin GUO, Bingquan ZHU

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2017, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 271-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017030

Abstract: In fact, resilience enhancement is crucial to all critical infrastructure systems.In this study, we review the current research on system resilience enhancement within and beyond smartand resilience quantification and discuss several challenges and opportunities for system resilience enhancement

Keywords： critical infrastructure     cyber-physical systems     energy systems     resilience     smart grid    

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Exergy analysis and performance enhancement of isopropanol-acetone-hydrogen chemical heat pump

Min XU, Jun CAI, Xiulan HUAI

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 510-515 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0508-0

Abstract: Exergy loss analysis was conducted to identify the irreversibility in each component of the isopropanol-acetone-hydrogen chemical heat pump (IAH-CHP). The results indicate that the highest irreversibility on a system basis occurs in the distillation column. Moreover, the effect of operating parameters on thermodynamic performances of the IAH-CHP was studied and the optimal conditions were obtained. Finally, the potential methods to reduce the irreversibility of the IAH-CHP system were investigated. It is found that reactive distillation is apromising alternative. The enthalpy and exergy efficiency of the IAH-CHP with reactive distillation increases by 24.1% and 23.2%, respectively.

Keywords： waste heat reuse     chemical heat pump     exergy analysis     isopropanol    

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Combination of biomaterial transplantation and genetic enhancement of intrinsic growth capacities to

Bin Yu, Xiaosong Gu

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 131-137 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0642-z

Abstract: The inhibitory environment that surrounds the lesion site and the lack of intrinsic regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) impede the regrowth of injured axons and thereby the reestablishment of neural circuits required for functional recovery after spinal cord injuries (SCI). To circumvent these barriers, biomaterial scaffolds are applied to bridge the lesion gaps for the regrowing axons to follow, and, often by combining stem cell transplantation, to enable the local environment in the growth-supportive direction. Manipulations, such as the modulation of PTEN/mTOR pathways, can also enhance intrinsic CNS axon regrowth after injury. Given the complex pathophysiology of SCI, combining biomaterial scaffolds and genetic manipulation may provide synergistic effects and promote maximal axonal regrowth. Future directions will primarily focus on the translatability of these approaches and promote therapeutic avenues toward the functional rehabilitation of patients with SCIs.

Keywords： spinal cord injury     biomaterial     extrinsic barrier     intrinsic regeneration capacity    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

Journal Article

Turbidity-adaptive underwater image enhancement method using image fusion

Journal Article

Automatic image enhancement by learning adaptive patch selection

Na LI, Jian ZHAN

Journal Article

Performance enhancement of partially shaded solar PV array using novel shade dispersion technique

Namani RAKESH,T. Venkata MADHAVARAM

Journal Article

Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free

Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Numerical investigation and analysis of heat transfer enhancement in channel by longitudinal vortex based

TAO Wenquan, WU Junmei

Journal Article

Effect of bond enhancement using carbon nanotubes on flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with

Journal Article

Numerical analysis on heat transfer enhancement by longitudinal vortex based on field synergy principle

WU Junmei, TAO Wenquan

Journal Article

Wavelet-based iterative data enhancement for implementation in purification of modal frequency for extremely

Hassan YOUSEFI, Alireza TAGHAVI KANI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI, Soheil MOHAMMADI

Journal Article

Evaluating the material strength from fracture angle under uniaxial loading

Jitang FAN

Journal Article

Preliminary iquiry into biodiesel production by process enhancement technology and equipment

Zhu Ruilin,Zhu Guolin

Journal Article

Use of gamma-irradiation pretreatment for enhancement of anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

YUAN Shoujun, ZHENG Zheng, YU Xin, ZHAO Yongfu, MU Yanyan

Journal Article

System resilience enhancement: Smart grid and beyond

Gang HUANG, Jianhui WANG, Chen CHEN, Chuangxin GUO, Bingquan ZHU

Journal Article

Exergy analysis and performance enhancement of isopropanol-acetone-hydrogen chemical heat pump

Min XU, Jun CAI, Xiulan HUAI

Journal Article

Combination of biomaterial transplantation and genetic enhancement of intrinsic growth capacities to

Bin Yu, Xiaosong Gu

Journal Article